Resurfacing is being carried out between the The Vale of Belvoir Hotel, Nottinghamshire, and Nottingham Road at Bottesford, in Leicestershire.
The agency said the work is due to be completed by the end of March.
'Importance of work'
The work is being restricted to overnights only with alternate closures of the eastbound and westbound carriageways during the week and overnight closures of the whole carriageway at weekends.
Mark Braithwaite, of the Highways Agency, said: "Regular users of this stretch of the A52 will appreciate the importance of this work.
"The carriageway is wearing out and road markings also need replacing.
"When completed, drivers will benefit from smoother, safer and more reliable journeys."
