The truck, which was pulling a trailer, hit roadworks on the southbound carriageway near junction three of the M73 at about 1600 GMT.
The man was taken to Glasgow's Southern General Hospital with head and chest injuries.
Two other men, who were also thrown from the cab, were taken to Monklands Hospital with less serious injuries.
The road was closed in both directions between Gartcosh and Mollinsburn while the emergency services attended the incident, causing major tailbacks.
The queues also affected the M8 with some traffic delayed for up to two and a half hours.
